Posts from the ‘Industrial Internet of Things’ Category

Jun 19

Smart Machines Are The Future Of Manufacturing

Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) presents integration architecture challenges that once solved can enable use cases that deliver fast-growing revenue opportunities.
ISA-95 addressed the rise of global production and distributed supply chains yet are still deficient on the issue of data and security, specifically the proliferation of IIoT sensors, which are the real security perimeter of any manufacturing business.
Finding new ways to excel at predictive maintenance, and cross-vendor shop floor integration are the most promising applications.
IIoT manufacturing systems are quickly becoming digital manufacturing platforms that integrate ERP, MES, PLM and CRM systems to provide a single unified view of product configurations.

These and many other fascinating insights are from an article McKinsey published titled IIoT platforms: The technology stack as value driver in industrial equipment and machinery which explores how the Industrial Internet of things (IIoT) is redefining industrial equipment and machinery manufacturing. It’s based on a thorough study also published this month, Leveraging Industrial Software Stack Advancement For Digital Transformation. A copy of the study is downloadable here (PDF, 50 pp., no opt-in). The study shows how smart machines are the future of manufacturing, exploring how IIoT platforms are enabling greater machine-level autonomy and intelligence.

The following are the key takeaways from the study:

Capturing IIoT’s full value potential will require more sophisticated integrated approaches than current automation protocols provide. IIoT manufacturing systems are quickly becoming digital manufacturing platforms that integrate ERP, MES, PLM and CRM systems to provide a single unified view of product configurations and support the design-to-manufacturing process. Digital manufacturing platforms are already enabling real-time monitoring to the machine and shop floor level. The data streams real-time monitoring is delivering today is the catalyst leading to greater real-time analytics accuracy, machine learning adoption and precision and a broader integration strategy to the PLC level on legacy machinery. Please click on the graphic to expand for easier reading.

Inconsistent data structures at the machine, line, factory and company levels are slowing down data flows and making full transparency difficult to attain today in many manufacturers. Smart machines with their own operating systems that orchestrate IIoT data and ensure data structure accuracy are being developed and sold now, making this growth constraint less of an issue. The millions of legacy industrial manufacturing systems will continue to impede IIoT realizing its full potential, however. The following graphic reflects the complexities of making an IIoT platform consistent across a manufacturing operation. Please click on the graphic to expand for easier reading.

Driven by price wars and commoditized products, manufacturers have no choice but to pursue smart, connected machinery that enables IIoT technology stacks across shop floors. The era of the smart, connected machines is here, bringing with it the need to grow services and software revenue faster than transaction-based machinery sales. Machinery manufacturers are having to rethink their business models and redefine product strategies to concentrate on operating system-like functionality at the machine level that can scale and provide a greater level of autonomy, real-time data streams that power more accurate predictive maintenance, and cross-vendor shop floor integration. Please click on the graphic for easier reading.

Machines are being re-engineered starting with software and services as the primary design goals to support new business models. Machinery manufacturers are redefining existing product lines to be more software- and services-centric. A few are attempting to launch subscription-based business models that enable them to sell advanced analytics of machinery performance to customers. The resulting IIoT revenue growth will be driven by platforms as well as software and application development and is expected to be in the range of 20 to 35%. Please click on the graphic to expand for easier reading.

Jun 9

Seven Things You Need To Know About IIoT In Manufacturing

Global spending on IIoT Platforms for Manufacturing is predicted to grow from $1.67B in 2018 to $12.44B in 2024, attaining a 40% compound annual growth rate (CAGR) in seven years.
IIoT platforms are beginning to replace MES and related applications, including production maintenance, quality, and inventory management, which are a mix of Information Technology (IT) and Operations Technology (OT) technologies.
Connected IoT technologies are enabling a new era of smart, connected products that often expand on the long-proven platforms of everyday products. Capgemini estimates that the size of the connected products market will be $519B to $685B by 2020.

These and many other fascinating insights are from IoT Analytics’ study, IIoT Platforms For Manufacturing 2019 – 2024 (155 pp., PDF, client access reqd). IoT Analytics is a leading provider of market insights for the Internet of Things (IoT), M2M, and Industry 4.0. They specialize in providing insights on IoT markets and companies, focused market reports on specific IoT segments and Go-to-Market services for emerging IoT companies. The study’s methodology includes interviews with twenty of the leading IoT platform providers, executive-level IoT experts, and IIoT end users. For additional details on the methodology, please see pages 136 and 137 of the report. IoT Analytics defines the Industrial loT (lloT) as heavy industries including manufacturing, energy, oil and gas, and agriculture in which industrial assets are connected to the internet.

The seven things you need to know about IIoT in manufacturing include the following:

IoT Analytics’ technology architecture of the Internet of Things reflects the proliferation of new products, software and services, and the practical needs manufacturers have for proven integration to make the Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) work. IoT technology architectures are in their nascent phase, showing signs of potential in solving many of manufacturing’s most challenging problems. IoT Analytics’ technology architecture shown below is designed to scale in response to the diverse development across the industry landscape with a modular, standardized approach.

IIoT platforms are beginning to replace MES and related applications, including production maintenance, quality, and inventory management, which are a mix of Information Technology (IT) and Operations Technology (OT) technologies. IoT Analytics is seeing IIoT platforms begin to replace existing industrial software systems that had been created to bridge the IT and OT gaps in manufacturing environments. Their research teams are finding that IIoT Platforms are an adjacent technology to these typical industrial software solutions but are now starting to replace some of them in smart connected factory settings. The following graphic explains how IoT Analytics sees the IIoT influence across the broader industrial landscape:

Global spending on IIoT Platforms for Manufacturing is predicted to grow from $1.67B in 2018 to $12.44B in 2024, attaining a 40% compound annual growth rate (CAGR) in seven years. IoT Analytics is finding that manufacturing is the largest IoT platform industry segment and will continue to be one of the primary growth catalysts of the market through 2024. For purposes of their analysis, IoT Analytics defines manufacturing as standardized production environments including factories, workshops, in addition to custom production worksites such as mines, offshore oil gas, and construction sites. The lloT platforms for manufacturing segment have experienced growth in the traditionally large manufacturing-base countries such as Japan and China. IoT Analytics relies on econometric modeling to create their forecasts.

In 2018, the industrial loT platforms market for manufacturing had an approximate 60%/40% split for within factories/outside factories respectively. IoT Analytics predicts this split is expected to remain mostly unchanged for 2019 and by 2024 within factories will achieve slight gains by a few percentage points. The within factories type (of lloT Platforms for Manufacturing) is estimated to grow from a $1B market in 2018 to a $1.5B market by 2019 driven by an ever-increasing amount of automation (e.g., robots on the factory floor) being introduced to factory settings for increased efficiencies, while the outside factories type is forecast to grow from $665M in 2018 to become a $960M market by 2019.

Discrete manufacturing is predicted to be the largest percentage of Industrial IoT platform spending for 2019, growing at a CAGR of 46% from 2018. Discrete manufacturing will outpace batch and process manufacturing, becoming 53% of all IIoT platform spending this year. IoT Analytics sees discrete manufacturers pursuing make-to-stock, make-to-order, and assemble-to-order production strategies that require sophisticated planning, scheduling, and tracking capabilities to improve operations and profitability. The greater the production complexity in discrete manufacturing, the more valuable data becomes. Discrete manufacturing is one of the most data-prolific industries there are, making it an ideal catalyst for IIoT platform’s continual growth.

Manufacturers are most relying on IIoT platforms for general process optimization (43.1%), general dashboards & visualization (41.1%) and condition monitoring (32.7%). Batch, discrete, and process manufacturers are prioritizing other use cases such as predictive maintenance, asset tracking, and energy management as all three areas make direct contributions to improving shop floor productivity. Discrete manufacturers are always looking to free up extra time in production schedules so that they can offer short-notice production runs to their customers. Combining IIoT platform use cases to uncover process and workflow inefficiencies so more short-notice production runs can be sold is driving Proof of Concepts (PoC) today in North American manufacturing.

IIoT platform early adopters prioritize security as the most important feature, ahead of scalability and usability. Identity and Access Management, multifactor-factor authentication, consistency of security patch updates, and the ability to scale and protect every threat surface across an IIoT network are high priorities for IIoT platform adopters today. Scale and usability are the second and third priorities. The following graphic compares IIoT platform manufacturers’ most important needs:

For more information on the insights presented here, check out IoT Analytics’ report: IIoT Platforms For Manufacturing 2019 – 2024.

Feb 2

Top 10 Ways Internet Of Things And Blockchain Strengthen Supply Chains

The majority of enterprises are prioritizing their blockchain pilots that concentrate on supply chains improvements (53%) and the Internet of Things (51%) according to Deloitte’s latest blockchain survey.
By 2023, blockchain will support the global movement and tracking of $2T of goods and services annually based on a recent Gartner
By 2020, Discrete Manufacturing, Transportation & Logistics and Utilities industries are projected to spend $40B each on IoT platforms, systems, and services.
The Supply Chain Management enterprise software market is growing from $12.2B in 2017 to $20.4B in 2022, achieving a 10.7% Compound Annual Growth Rate (CAGR) according to Gartner’s latest market forecast.
Of the many blockchain and IoT Proof of Concept (POC) pilots running today, track-and-trace shows the most significant potential of moving into production.

Combining blockchain’s distributed ledger framework with the Internet of Things’ (IoT) proven real-time monitoring and tracking capability is redefining supply chains. Blockchain shows potential for increasing the speed, scale, and visibility of supply chains, eliminating counterfeit-goods transactions while also improving batching, routing and inventory control. Blockchain’s shared, distributed ledger architecture is becoming a growth catalyst for IoT’s adoption and commercial use in organizations.

Blockchain and IoT are defining the future of supply chains based on the initial success of Proof of Concept (POC) pilots focused on the logistics, storage and track-and-trace areas of supply chains across manufacturing. Supply-chain centric pilots are the most popular today, with enterprises looking at how they can get more value out of IoT using blockchain. One CIO told me recently his company deliberately spins up several POCs at once, adding “they’re our proving grounds, we’re pushing blockchain and IoT’s limits to see if they can solve our most challenging supply chain problems and we’re learning a tremendous amount.” The senior management team at the manufacturer says the pilots are worth it if they can find a way to increase inventory turns just 10% using blockchain and IoT. They’re also running Proof of Concept pilots to optimize batching, routing and delivery of goods, reduce fraud costs, and increase track-and-trace accuracy and speed. Of the many pilots in progress, track-and-trace shows the greatest potential to move into production today.

The following are the top 10 ways IoT and blockchain are defining the future of supply chains:

Combining IoT’s real-time monitoring support with blockchain’s shared distributed ledger strengthens track-and-trace accuracy and scale, leading to improvements across supply chains. Improving track-and-trace reduces the need for buffer stock by providing real-time visibility of inventory levels and shipments. Urgent orders can also be expedited and rerouted, minimizing disruptions to production schedules and customer shipments. The combination of blockchain and IoT sensors is showing potential to revolutionize food supply chains, where sensors are used to track freshness, quality, and safety of perishable foods. The multiplicative effects of combining IoT and blockchain to improve track-and-traceability are shown in the context of the following table from the Boston Consulting Group. Please click on the graphic to expand for easier reading.

Improving inventory management and reducing bank fees for letters of credit by combining blockchain and IoT show potential to deliver cost savings. A recent study by Boston Consulting Group, Pairing Blockchain with IoT to Cut Supply Chain Costs, completed a hypothetical analysis of how much a $1B electronics equipment company implementing blockchain-as-a-service, a decentralized track-and-trace application, and 30 nodes that share among key supply chain stakeholders could save. The study found that the electronics equipment company could save up to $6M a year or .6% of annual sales. A summary of the business case is shown here:

Combining blockchain and IoT is providing the pharmaceutical and healthcare industry with stronger serialization techniques, reducing counterfeit drugs and medical products. Pharmaceutical serialization is the process of assigning a unique identity (e.g., a serial number) to each sealable unit, which is then linked to critical information about the product’s origin, batch number, and expiration date. According to the World Health Organization (WHO) approximately 1 million people each year die from counterfeit drugs, 50% of pharmaceutical products sold through rogue websites are considered fake, and up to 30% of pharmaceutical products sold in emerging markets are counterfeit according to a recent study by DHL Research. DHL and Accenture are finalizing a blockchain-based track-and-trace serialization prototype comprising a global network of nodes across six geographies. The system comprehensively documents each step that a pharmaceutical product takes on its way to the store shelf and eventually the consumer. The following graphic illustrates the workflow.

Improving distribution and logistics, tracking asset maintenance, improving product quality, preventing counterfeit products and enabling digital marketplaces are the use cases Capgemini predicts blockchain will have the greatest impact. IoT’s potential contribution in each of these five use case areas continues to accelerate as real-time monitoring dominates manufacturing. Tracking provenace, contracts management, digital threads, and trade financing also show potential for high adoption. The following graphic illustrates blockchain use cases in the supply chain.

Combining blockchain and IoT is enabling manufacturers to pursue and excel at digital twin initiatives across their value chains. A digital twin is a dynamic, digital representation of a physical asset which enables companies to track its past, current and future performance throughout the asset’s lifecycle. The asset, for example, a vehicle or spare part, sends performance data and events directly to its digital twin, even as it moves from the hands of the manufacturer to the dealer and ultimately the new owner. Blockchain can be used to securely document everything related to the asset and IoT provides the real-time monitoring and updates. Microsoft and VISEO are partnering to use blockchain to connect each new vehicle’s maintenance events to the vehicle’s digital twin. The graphic below illustrates how digital twins streamline additive manufacturing.

54% of suppliers and 51% of customers are expecting the organizations they do business with to take a leadership position on blockchain and IoT. The majority of suppliers and customers expect the manufacturers, suppliers, and vendors they do business with to take a leadership position on these two emerging technologies and define a vision with them in it. Deloitte’s excellent study, Breaking Blockchain Open, Deloitte’s 2018 Global Blockchain Survey, provides insights into how supplier and customer expectations are a factor in driving blockchain and IoT adoption, further helping to shape the future of supply chains.

Consumer products and manufacturing lead adoption of blockchain today, followed by life sciences according to the latest Deloitte estimates. IoT adoption is flourishing in manufacturing, transportation & logistics and utilities. By 2020, each of these industries is projected to spend $40B each on IoT platforms, systems, and services. The following graphic compares blockchain adoption levels by industry. Given how dependent manufacturers are on supply chains, the high adoption rates for blockchain and IoT make sense. Please click on the graphic to expand for easier reading.

32% of enterprises are adopting blockchain to gain greater speed compared to existing systems, and 28% believe blockchain will open up new business models and revenue sources. The majority of manufacturers, transportation & logistics and utilities companies have real-time monitoring running on their shop floors and across their production facilities today. Many are transitioning from Wi-Fi enabled monitoring to IoT, which creates a real-time data stream that blockchain ledgers categorize and track to provide greater track-and-trace speed and accuracy. A recent Capgemini survey found that 76% of manufacturers also plan to have a product-as-a-service strategy to drive revenue in less than two years.

Blockchain has the potential to deliver between $80B and $110B in value across seven strategic financial sectors when supported by IoT, redefining their supply chains in the process. McKinsey completed an extensive analysis of over 60 viable use case for blockchain in financial services where IoT would provide greater visibility across transactions. The combination of technologies has the potential to deliver over $100B in value.

Reducing product waste and perishable foods’ product margins while increasing traceability is attainable by combining blockchain and IoT. IBM’s Food Trust uses blockchain technology to create greater accountability, traceability, and visibility in supply chains. It’s the only consortium of its kind that connects growers, processors, distributors, and retailers through a permissioned, permanent and shared record of food system data. Partners include Carrefour, Dole, Driscoll’s, Golden State Foods, McCormick and Co., McLane Co., Nestlé, ShopRite parent Wakefern Food Corp., grocery group purchasing organization Topco Associates The Kroger Co., Tyson Foods, Unilever and Walmart. An example of the Food Trust’s traceability application is shown below:

Additional Research:

Abdel-Basset, M., Manogaran, G., & Mohamed, M. (2018). Internet of Things (IoT) and its impact on supply chain: A framework for building smart, secure and efficient systems. Future Generation Computer Systems, 86, 614–628.

Boston Consulting Group, Pairing Blockchain with IoT to Cut Supply Chain Costs, By Zia Yusuf, Akash Bhatia, Usama Gill, Maciej Kranz, Michelle Fleury, and Anoop Nannra. December 18, 2018

Capgemini Research Institute, Does blockchain hold the key to a new age of supply chain transparency and trust?, 2018 (PDF, 32 pp., no opt-in)

DHL Trend Research, Blockchain In Research, Perspectives on the upcoming impact of blockchain technology and use cases for the logistics industry (PDF, 28 pp., no opt-in)

Deloitte, Breaking Blockchain Open, Deloitte’s 2018 Global Blockchain Survey,48 pp., PDF, no opt-in. Summary available here.

Deloitte, Continuous Interconnected Supply Chain, Using Blockchain & Internet-of-Things in supply chain traceability (PDF, 24 pp., no opt-in)

Deloitte University Press, 3D opportunity for blockchain Additive manufacturing links the digital thread, 2018 (PDF, 20 pp, no opt-in)

EBN, How IoT, AI, & Blockchain Empower Tomorrow’s Autonomous Supply Chain, June 18, 2018

Forbes, How Blockchain Can Improve Manufacturing In 2019, October 28, 2018.

Forbes, 10 Charts That Will Challenge Your Perspective Of IoT’s Growth, June 6, 2018

Gettens, D., Jauffred, F., & Steeneck, D. W. (2016). IoT Can Drive Big Savings in the Post-Sales Supply Chain. MIT Sloan Management Review, 60(2), 19–21. Accessible on the MIT Sloan Management Review site here.

Jagtap, S., & Rahimifard, S. (2019). Unlocking the potential of the internet of things to improve resource efficiency in food supply chains. Springer International Publishing© Springer Nature Switzerland AG.

McKinsey & Company, Blockchain beyond the hype: What is the strategic business value?, June, 2018

McKinsey & Company, Blockchain Technology in the Insurance Sector, Quarterly meeting of the Federal Advisory Committee on Insurance (FACI) Jan 5, 2017

McKinsey & Company, The IoT as a growth driver, By Markus Berger-De Leon, Thomas Reinbacher, and Dominik Wee. March 2018

McKinsey & Company, How digital manufacturing can escape ‘pilot purgatory’, by Andreas Behrendt, Richard Kelly, Raphael Rettig, and Sebastian Stoffregen. July 2018

Miller, D. (2018). Blockchain and the Internet of Things in the Industrial Sector. IT Professional, 20(3), 15-18.

PwC, Global Blockchain Survey, 2018.

Queiroz, M. M., & Wamba, S. F. (2019). Blockchain adoption challenges in supply chain: An empirical investigation of the main drivers in India and the USA. International Journal of Information Management, 46, 70-82.

Reyna, A., Martín, C., Chen, J., Soler, E., & Díaz, M. (2018). On blockchain and its integration with IoT. Challenges and opportunities. Future Generation Computer Systems, 88, 173–190

Smith, K. J., & Dhillon, G. (2019). Supply Chain Virtualization: Facilitating Agent Trust Utilizing Blockchain Technology. In Revisiting Supply Chain Risk (pp. 299-311). Springer, Cham.

Tu, M., Lim, M. K., & Yang, M.-F. (2018). IoT-based production logistics and supply chain system – Part 1. Industrial Management & Data Systems, 118(1), 65–95.

Tu, M., K. Lim, M., & Yang, M.-F. (2018). IoT-based production logistics and supply chain system – Part 2. Industrial Management & Data Systems, 118(1), 96–125.

Wall Street Journal, 5 Supply Chain Use Cases for IoT, Blockchain, November 8, 2018

Nov 17

The State Of IoT Intelligence, 2018

Sales, Marketing and Operations are most active early adopters of IoT today.
Early adopters most often initiate pilots to drive revenue and gain operational efficiencies faster than anticipated.
32% of enterprises are investing in IoT, and 48% are planning to in 2019.
IoT early adopters lead their industries in advanced and predictive analytics adoption.

These and many other fascinating insights are from Dresner Advisory Services’ latest report, 2018 IoT Intelligence^®Market Study, in its 4^th year of publication. The study concentrates on end-user interest in and demand for business intelligence in IoT. The study also examines key related technologies such as location intelligence, end-user data preparation, cloud computing, advanced and predictive analytics, and big data analytics. “While the market is still in an early stage, we believe that IoT Intelligence, the means to understand and leverage IoT data, will continue to expand as organizations mature in their collection and leverage of sensor level data,” said Howard Dresner, founder, and chief research officer at Dresner Advisory Services. 70% of respondents work at North American organizations (including the United States, Canada, and Puerto Rico). EMEA accounts for about 20%, and the remainder is distributed across Asia-Pacific and Latin America. Please see pages 11, 15 through 18 of the study for specifics regarding the methodology and respondent demographics.

Key insights gained from the study include the following:

Sales, Marketing and Operations are most active early adopters of IoT today. Looking to capitalize on IoT’s potential to gain real-time customer feedback on products’ and services’ performance, Sales and Marketing lead all departments in their prioritizing IoT’s value in the enterprises. 12% of Operations leaders say that IoT is critical to attaining their goals. Executive Management and Finance have yet to see the value that Sales, Marketing and Operations do.

Manufacturers see IoT as the most critical to achieving their product quality, production scheduling and supply chain orchestration goals. Insurance industry leaders also view IoT as critical to operations as their business models are now concentrating on automating inventory and safety management. Insurance firms also track vehicles in shipping and logistics fleets to gain greater visibility into how route operations can be optimized at the lowest possible risk of accidents. Financial Services and Healthcare are the next most interested in IoT with Higher Education and Business Services assign the lowest levels of importance by industry.

Investment in IoT analytics, application development and defining accurate, reliable metrics to guide development is the most critical aspect of IoT adoption today. Investments in the data supply chain including data capture, movement, data prep, and management is the second-most critical area followed by investments in IoT infrastructure. Analytics, application development, and accurate, reliable metrics guiding DevOps are consistent with the study’s finding that early adopters have an excellent track record adopting and applying advanced and predictive analytics to challenging logistical, operations, sales, and marketing problems.

IoT early adopters or advocates prioritize dashboards, reporting, IoT use cases that provide data streams integral to analytics, advanced visualization, and data mining. IoT early adopters and the broader respondent base differ most in the prioritization of IT analytics, location intelligence, integration with operational processes, in-memory analysis, open source software, and edge computing. The data reflects how IoT early adopters quickly become more conversant in emerging technologies with the goal of achieving exponential scale across analytics and IoT platforms.

The criticality of advanced and predictive analytics to all leaders surveyed is at an all-time high. Attaining a (weighted-mean) importance score of 3.6 on a 5.0 scale, advanced and predictive analytics is today considered “critical” or “very important” to a majority of respondents. Despite a mild decline in 2017, importance sentiment (the perceived criticality of advanced and predictive analytics) is on an uptrend across the five years of our study. Mastery of advanced and predictive analytics is a leading indicator of IoT adoption, indicating the potential for more analytics pilots and in-production IoT projects next year.

The most valuable features for advanced and predictive analytics apps include support for a range of regression models, hierarchical clustering, descriptive statistics, and recommendation engine support. Model management is important to more than 90% of respondents, further indicating IoT analytics scale is a goal many are pursuing. Geospatial analysis (highly associated with mapping, populations, demographics, and other web-generated data), Bayesian methods, and automatic feature selection is the next most required series of features.

Access to advanced analytics for predictive and temporal analysis is the most important usability benefit to IoT adopters today. Second is support for easy iteration, and third is a simple process for continuous modification of models. The study evaluated a detailed set of nine usability benefits that support advanced and predictive activities and processes. All nine benefits are important to respondents, with the last one of a specialist not being required important to a majority of them at 70%.

Jan 1

5 Comments

Roundup Of Internet Of Things Forecasts And Market Estimates, 2018

According to IDC, worldwide spending on the IoT is forecast to reach $772.5B in 2018. That represents an increase of 15% over the $674B that was spent on IoT in 2017.
The global IoT market will grow from $157B in 2016 to $457B by 2020, attaining a Compound Annual Growth Rate (CAGR) of 28.5%.
Discrete Manufacturing, Transportation and Logistics, and Utilities will lead all industries in IoT spending by 2020, averaging $40B each.
Bain predicts B2B IoT segments will generate more than $300B annually by 2020, including about $85B in the industrial sector.
Internet Of Things Market To Reach $267B By 2020 according to Boston Consulting Group.
According to IDC FutureScape: Worldwide IoT 2018 Predictions, By the end of 2020, close to 50% of new IoT applications built by enterprises will leverage an IoT platform that offers outcome-focused functionality based on comprehensive analytics capabilities.

The last twelve months of Internet of Things (IoT) forecasts and market estimates reflect enterprises’ higher expectations for scale, scope and Return on Investment (ROI) from their IoT initiatives. Business benefits and outcomes are what drives the majority of organizations to experiment with IoT and invest in large-scale initiatives. That expectation is driving a new research agenda across the many research firms mentioned in this roundup. The majority of enterprises adopting IoT today are using metrics and key performance indicators (KPIs) that reflect operational improvements, customer experience, logistics, and supply chain gains. Key takeaways from the collection of IoT forecasts and market estimates include the following:

The global Internet of Things (IoT) market is projected to grow from $2.99T in 2014 to $8.9T in 2020, attaining a 19.92% Compound Annual Growth Rate (CAGR). Industrial manufacturing is predicted to increase from $472B in 2014 to $890B in global IoT spending. Healthcare and life sciences are projected to increase from $520B in 2014 to $1.335T in 2020, attaining a 17% CAGR. Source: Statista, Size of the Internet of Things market worldwide in 2014 and 2020, by industry (in billion U.S. dollars).

The global IoT market will grow from $157B in 2016 to $457B by 2020, attaining a Compound Annual Growth Rate (CAGR) of 28.5%. According to GrowthEnabler & MarketsandMarkets analysis, the global IoT market share will be dominated by three sub-sectors; Smart Cities (26%), Industrial IoT (24%) and Connected Health (20%). Followed by Smart Homes (14%), Connected Cars (7%), Smart Utilities (4%) and Wearables (3%). Source: GrowthEnabler, Market Pulse Report, Internet of Things (IoT), 19 pp., PDF, free, no opt-in.

Bain predicts B2B IoT segments will generate more than $300B annually by 2020, including about $85B in the industrial sector. Advisory firm Bain predicts the most competitive areas of IoT will be in the enterprise and industrial segments. Bain predicts consumer applications will generate $150B by 2020, with B2B applications being worth more than $300B. Globally, enthusiasm for the Internet of Things has fueled more than $80B in merger and acquisition (M&A) investments by major vendors and more than $30B in venture capital, according to Bain’s estimates. Source: Bain Insights: Choosing The Right Platform For The Internet Of Things

The global IoT market is growing at a 23% CAGR of 23% between 2014-2019, enabling smart solutions in major industries including agriculture, automotive and infrastructure. ― Key challenges to growth are the security and scalability of all-new connected devices and the adherence to open standards to facilitate large-scale monitoring of different systems. Source: Export opportunities of the Dutch ICT sector to Germany (25-04-17), PDF, 95 pp., no opt-in

According to Variant Market Research, the Global Internet of Things (IoT) market is estimated to reach $1,599T by 2024, from $346.1B in 2016, attaining a CAGR of 21.1% from 2016 to 2024. Asia-Pacific is predicted to grow at the fastest CAGR over the forecast period 2016 to 2024. The growth is attributed to increasing adoption of IoT in emerging countries such as India and China, high rate of mobile and internet usage, and development of next-generation technologies. Source: Global Internet of Things (IoT) Market: Rising Adoption of Cloud Platform Noticed by Variant Market Research.

$6T will be spent on IoT solutions between 2015 and 2020 according to PwC. IoT investments by businesses will grow from $215B in 2015 to $832B in 2020, while consumer spending on IoT solutions will rise from $72B to $236B. Source: PwC, Leveraging the Upcoming Disruptions from AI and IoT, 20 pp., PDF, free, no opt-in

Discrete Manufacturing, Transportation and Logistics, and Utilities will lead all industries in IoT spending by 2020, averaging $40B each. Improving the accuracy, speed, and scale of supply chains is an area many organizations are concentrating on with IoT. IoT has the potential to redefine quality management, compliance, traceability and Manufacturing Intelligence. Business-to-Consumer (B2C) companies are projected to spend $25B on IoT in 2020, up from $5B in 2015. The following graphic compares global spending by vertical between 2015 and 2020. Source: Statista, Spending on the Internet of Things worldwide by vertical in 2015 and 2020 (in billion U.S. dollars).

Manufacturing dominates the growth of IoT network connections in the last year, growing 84%. Verizon’s annual study of IoT adoption finds manufacturing dominating network connection growth followed by energy & utilities, transportation & distribution, and smart cities.Source: Verizon State of the Market: Internet of Things 2017 Making way for the enterprise.

Accenture estimates the IIoT could add $14.2T to the economy by 2020. The global market for Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) is projected to grow at a 7.3% CAGR through 2020. Source: Pete Wassell (Augmate): AR Smart Glasses and the Industrial IoT

By 2020, 50% of IoT spending will be driven by discrete manufacturing, transportation, and logistics, and utilities BCG predicts that IoT will have the most transformative effect on industries that aren’t technology-based today. The most critical success factor all these use cases depend on secure, scalable and reliable end-to-end integration solutions that encompass on-premise, legacy and cloud systems, and platforms.Source: Internet Of Things Market To Reach $267B By 2020.

The hottest application areas for IoT in manufacturing include Industrial Asset Management, Inventory and Warehouse Management and Supply Chain Management. In high tech manufacturing, Smart Products, and Industrial Asset Management are the hottest application areas. The following Forrester heat Map for 2017 shows the fastest growing areas of IoT adoption by industry. Source: IoT Opportunities, Trends, and Momentum Robert E Stroud CGEIT CRISC.

B2B spending on IoT technologies, apps and solutions will reach €250B ($296.8B) by 2020 according to a recent study by Boston Consulting Group (BCG). IoT Analytics spending is predicted to generate €20B ($23.7B) by 2020. Between 2015 to 2020, BCG predicts revenue from all layers of the IoT technology stack will have attained at least a 20% Compound Annual Growth Rate (CAGR). B2B customers are the most focused on services, IoT analytics, and applications, making these two areas of the technology stack the fastest growing. By 2020, these two layers will have captured 60% of the growth from IoT. Source: Internet Of Things Market To Reach $267B By 2020.

Manufacturers most relied on the Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) in 2017 to help better understand machine health (32%) on the shop floor, leading to more accurate Overall Equipment Effectiveness (OEE) measurements. Changing how plant maintenance personnel will work and interact with all levels of operation (29.5%) and helping to better prevent and predict shutdowns (27.1%) are the top three use cases of IIoT according to Plant Engineering and Statista.

Improving customer experiences (70%) and safety (56%) are the two areas enterprises are using data generated from IoT solutions most often today. Gaining cost efficiencies, improving organizational capabilities, and gaining supply chain visibility (all 53%) is the third most popular uses of data generated from IoT solutions today. 53% of enterprises expect data from IoT solutions to increase revenues in the next year. 53% expect data generated from their IoT solutions will assist in increasing revenues in the next year. 51% expect data from IoT solutions will open up new markets in the next year. 42% of enterprises are spending an average of $3.1M annually on IoT. Source: 70% Of Enterprises Invest In IoT To Improve Customer Experiences.

McKinsey Global Institute estimates IoT could have an annual economic impact of $3.9T to $11.1T by 2025. Their forecast scenario includes diverse settings and use cases including factories, cities, retail environments, and the human body. Factories alone could contribute between $1.2T to $3.7T in IoT-driven value. Source: McKinsey & Company, What’s New With The Internet of Things?

By 2020, the installed base of the Internet of Things devices is forecast to grow to almost 31B worldwide. By 2025 the installed base of IoT devices will be over 75.4B devices. Source: Statista, Internet of Things (IoT) connected devices installed base worldwide from 2015 to 2025 (in billions).

According to IDC by 2018, investments in Operational Sensing through IoT and situational awareness via analytics will deliver 30% improvement in Critical Process Cycle Times. IDC also predicts by 2019, at Least 40% of IoT-created data will be stored, processed, analyzed, and acted upon close to, or at the edge of, the network. Source: IDC FutureScape: Worldwide Internet of Things 2017 Predictions, 7 pp., PDF, no opt-in.
Cisco predicts there will be 3.3B Machine-to-Machine (M2M) global connections by 2021, increasing from 1.5B in 2018. In 2017, Cisco predicts 1.1B M2M connections will be in place globally. M2M’s rapid adoption is the result of manufacturing, industry & logistics and utilities all adopting IoT-based strategies across broader segments of operations through the forecast period. Source: Statista, Number of Machine-to-Machine (M2M) connections worldwide from 2014 to 2021 (in billions).

Gartner Says 8.4B Connected “Things” will be in use in 2017, Up 31% from 2016. Total spending on endpoints and services will reach almost $2T in 2017. In 2017 businesses will drive $964B in global spending. Consumer applications will amount to $725B in 2017. By 2020, hardware spending from both segments will reach almost $3T. Source: Gartner Says 8.4 Billion Connected “Things” Will Be in Use in 2017, Up 31 Percent From 2016.

By 2022, Pressure and Temperature sensors will account for 62% of all globally enabled IoT sensors. Light sensors (17.27%), Chemical (10.21%), Motion (8.35%) and other sensors (1.97%) are the remainder of the market. The following graphic provides a global IoT market forecast by sensor type in Source: Statista, Projected global Internet of Things enabled sensors market in 2022, by segment.

Business Intelligence Competency Centers (BICC), R&D, Marketing & Sales and Strategic Planning are most likely to see the importance of IoT. Finance is considered among the least likely departments to see the importance of IoT. The study also found that sales analytics apps are increasingly relying on IoT technologies as foundational components of their core application platforms.These and many other insights are from Dresner Advisory Services’ 2017 Edition IoT Intelligence Wisdom of Crowds Series study. The study defines IoT as the network of physical objects, or “things,” embedded with electronics, software, sensors, and connectivity to enable objects to collect and exchange data. The study examines key related technologies such as location intelligence, end-user data preparation, cloud computing, advanced and predictive analytics, and big data analytics. Please see page 11 of the study for details regarding the methodology.

Manufacturing, Consulting, Business Services and Distribution/Logistics are IoT industry adoption leaders. Conversely, Federal Government, State & Local Government are least likely to prioritize IoT initiatives as very important or critical. IoT early adopters are most often defining goals with clear revenue and competitive advantages to drive initiatives. Manufacturing, Consulting, Business Services and Distribution/Logistics are challenging, competitive industries where revenue growth is often tough to achieve. IoT initiatives that deliver revenue and competitive strength quickly are the most likely to get funding and support. Source: Dresner Advisory Services’ 2017 Edition IoT Intelligence Wisdom of Crowds Series study.

IoT advocates or early adopters say location intelligence, streaming data analysis, and cognitive BI to deliver the greatest business benefit. Conversely, IoT early adopters aren’t expecting to see as significant of benefits from data warehousing as they are from other technologies. Consistent with previous studies, both the broader respondent base and IoT early adopters place a high priority on reporting and dashboards. IoT early adopters also see the greater importance of visualization and end-user self-service. Source: Dresner Advisory Services’ 2017 Edition IoT Intelligence Wisdom of Crowds Series study.

Business Intelligence Competency Centers (BICC), Manufacturing and Supply Chain are among the most powerful catalysts of BI and IoT adoption in the enterprise. The greater the level of BI adoption across the 12 functional drivers of BI adoption defined in the graphic below, the greater the potential for IoT to deliver differentiated value based on unique needs by area. Marketing, Sales and Strategic Planning are also strong driver areas among IoT advocates or early adopters. Source: Dresner Advisory Services’ 2017 Edition IoT Intelligence Wisdom of Crowds Series study.

IoT early adopters are relying on growing revenue and increasing competitive advantage as the two main goals to drive IoT initiatives’ success. The most successful IoT advocates or early adopters evangelize the many benefits of IoT initiatives from a revenue growth position first. IoT early adopters are more likely to see and promote the value of better decision-making, improved operational efficiencies, increased competitive advantage, growth in revenues, and enhanced customer service when BI adoption excels, setting the foundation for IoT initiatives to succeed. Source: Dresner Advisory Services’ 2017 Edition IoT Intelligence Wisdom of Crowds Series study.

The most popular feature requirements for advanced and predictive analytics applications include regression models, textbook statistical functions, and hierarchical clustering. More than 90% of respondents replied that these three leading features are “somewhat important” to their daily use of analytics. Geospatial analysis (highly associated with mapping, populations, demographics, and other Web-generated data), recommendation engines, Bayesian methods, and automatic feature selection is the next most required series of features. Source: Dresner Advisory Services’ 2017 Edition IoT Intelligence Wisdom of Crowds Series study.

74% of IoT advocates or early adopters say location intelligence is critical or very important. Conversely, only 26% of the overall sample ranks location intelligence at the same level of importance. One of the most promising use cases for IoT-based location intelligence is its potential to streamline traceability and supply chain compliance workflows in highly regulated manufacturing industries. In 2018, expect to see ERP and Supply Chain Management (SCM) software vendors launch new applications that capitalize on IoT location intelligence to streamline traceability and supply chain compliance on a global scale. Source: Dresner Advisory Services’ 2017 Edition IoT Intelligence Wisdom of Crowds Series study.

According to IDC FutureScape: Worldwide IoT 2018 Predictions, by the end of 2020, close to 50% of new IoT applications built by enterprises will leverage an IoT platform that offers outcome-focused functionality based on comprehensive analytics capabilities. By 2021, 75% of enterprises with a positive IoT ROI will use tactical analytics applications to reduce operating costs, but the 25% that successfully invest strategically in a decision architecture will increase their revenue share. Source: IDC FutureScape: Worldwide IoT 2018 Predictions.
The global IoT market is projected to grow to $661.74B by 2021. The Industrial IoT market is expected to grow to $123.8B by 2021, and the IoT Cloud Market is estimated to grow to $7.15B by Source: IoT Growth: A Forecast.
WiFi and Bluetooth low energy (BLE) are top contenders as preferred IoT connectivity mechanisms. However, long-range, wide-area networks (LoRaWAN) and narrowband IoT (NB-IoT) are equally poised to give a tough fight to WiFi and BLE vendors. Data analytics, correlation, and pattern recognition capabilities at point-of-data creation prove to be a key decision factor in vendor evaluation. Source: IDC Survey Reveals Significant Impact of Internet of Things Initiatives on IT Infrastructure.
Global IoT spending will experience a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 15.6% over the 2015-2020 forecast period, reaching $1.29T in 2020. The industries forecast to make the largest IoT investments in 2016 are Manufacturing ($178B), Transportation ($78B), and Utilities ($69B). Consumer IoT purchases, the fourth largest market segment in 2016, will become the third largest segment by 2020. Source: Internet of Things Spending Forecast to Grow 17.9% in 2016 Led by Manufacturing, Transportation, and Utilities Investments, According to New IDC Spending Guide.
IDC predicts that by 2021, global IoT spending is expected to total nearly $1.4T in hardware, software, services, and connectivity that enable the IoT. IoT use cases gaining the greatest investments in 2017 include Manufacturing Operations ($105B), freight monitoring ($50B), and production asset management ($45B). Please see the source document for additional details on IDC’s forecast. Source: IDC, Worldwide Spending on the Internet of Things Forecast to Reach Nearly $1.4 Trillion in 2021, According to New IDC Spending Guide.
Gartner predicts by 2020, more than 65% of enterprises (up from 30% today) will adopt IoT products. By 2020, more than 10% of new IoT products from traditional industries will be headed by the CIO. Through 2020, a lack of data science specialists will inhibit 75% of organizations from achieving the full potential of IoT. Source: Gartner, Leading the IoT, Gartner Insights on How to Lead in a Connected World, PDF, 29 pp., free, no opt-in.
72% of the companies will increase their IoT spending in the next three years. A solid amount of companies plan to keep this increase between 10% and 30%, while some of them are willing to raise spending by more than 30%. Source: Cognizant Trend Study: Digital Industrial Transformation with the Internet of Things: How can European companies benefit from IoT?
According to IDC, worldwide spending on the Internet of Things (IoT) is forecast to reach $772.5B in 2018, an increase of 14.6% over the $674B that will be spent in 2017. IoT hardware will be the largest technology category in 2018 with $239B going largely toward modules and sensors along with some spending on infrastructure and security. Services will be the second largest technology category, followed by software and connectivity. Source: IDC Forecasts Worldwide Spending on the Internet of Things to Reach $772 Billion in 2018.